direct attack. 1. An attack on a judgment made in the same proceeding as the one in which the judgment was entered; specif., the taking of proceedings in the action in which a judgment has been rendered to have the judgment vacated or reversed or modified by appropriate proceedings in either the trial court or […]
collateral attack. An attack on a judgment in a proceeding other than a direct appeal; esp., an attempt to undermine a judgment through a judicial proceeding in which the ground of the proceeding (or a defense in the proceeding) is that the judgment is ineffective. • A petition for a writ of habeas corpus is
collateral attack 间接攻击；附带攻击 指在某一诉讼或程序中对另一诉讼的判决或另一司法程序所作的攻击。它是在一具有其独立目的，而非专以质疑或推翻某一判决为目的的诉讼或程序中对该判决提出的攻击，意在撤销或否认该判决的效力。例如，甲在纽约州〔New York〕获得了该州法院针对乙作出的缺席判决，然后甲想要扣押乙位于加州〔California〕的财产以使判决得到履行，在此，乙可以纽约州法院对自己无管辖权为由对纽约州法院作出的判决进行攻击，此即为间接攻击。 (→direct attack)
Information Analysis and Infrastructure Protection Directorate. The division of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security responsible for analyzing intelligence information gathered from the Central Intelligence Agency, the Defense Intelligence Agency, the Federal Bureau of Investigation, the National Security Administration, and other sources, and for issuing warnings about threats of terrorist attack. • The unit is
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indiscriminate attack. Int’l law. An aggressive act that (1) is not carried out for a specific military objective, (2) employs a means of combat not directed at a specific military objective, or (3) employs a means of combat the effects of which cannot be limited in accordance with an international protocol such as the Geneva
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conclusiveness of judgment 判决的真实性、终结性和约束力 当法庭对某一问题作出最终判决或决定不再对该问题作进一步调查时，该判决即为终结性的。判决终结性的效力限于防止当事人对该判决提出间接性攻击〔collateral attack〕，但不影响当事人的上诉或要求撤销等直接攻击〔direct attack〕，就此点来说，该判决不是终结性的。
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audita querela (aw-dI-t[schwa] kw[schwa]-ree-l[schwa]). [Law Latin “the complaint having been heard”] A writ available to a judgment debtor who seeks a rehearing of a matter on grounds of newly discovered evidence or newly existing legal defenses. [Cases: Audita Querela 1. C.J.S. Audita Querela § 2.] “The writ of audita querela (= quarrel having been heard)